Type TIFF
This map shows North America classified into “anthropogenic biomes,” also known as “anthromes” or “human biomes.” Anthropogenic biomes are major global ecosystem types that incorporate the ways in which humans interact with ecosystems.
This map shows North America classified into “anthropogenic biomes,” also known as “anthromes” or “human biomes.”
Biomes are major global ecosystem types, characterized by particular climate and soil conditions and distinctive forms of life adapted to these conditions. Incorporating the significant role of humans in altering ecosystems, this map offers a new way of classifying the parts of the earth in which life exists.
Anthropogenic biomes are major global ecosystem types that incorporate the ways in which humans interact with ecosystems.
Source: Ellis, E.C., and N. Ramankutty. 2008. Putting people in the map: Anthropogenic biomes of the world. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 6, doi:10.1890/070062.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC). 2008. “North American Environmental Atlas - Anthropogenic Biomes”. Ed. 1.0, Raster digital data [5 arc-minute]. Ellis, E.C., and N. Ramankutty. 2008. Putting people in the map: Anthropogenic biomes of the world. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 6, doi:10.1890/070062.
This material is licensed under CC BY 4.0, allowing non-exclusive rights to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, including for commercial purposes, so long as attribution is given to the creator.
| West | -180 | East | -50 |
| North | 85 | South | 14 |
| Maximum (zoomed in) | 1:5,000 |
| Minimum (zoomed out) | 1:150,000,000 |
This map shows North America classified into “anthropogenic biomes,” also known as “anthromes” or “human biomes.” Biomes are major global ecosystem types, characterized by particular climate and soil conditions and distinctive forms of life adapted to these conditions. Incorporating the significant role of humans in altering ecosystems, this map offers a new way of classifying the parts of the earth in which life exists. Anthropogenic biomes are major global ecosystem types that incorporate the ways in which humans interact with ecosystems. Source: Ellis, E.C., and N. Ramankutty. 2008. Putting people in the map: Anthropogenic biomes of the world. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 6, doi:10.1890/070062.
Este mapa muestra a América del Norte clasificada en «biomas antropogénicos», también conocidos como «antromas» o «biomas humanos». Los biomas son las grandes zonas bioclimáticas en que se pueden agrupar los ecosistemas. Cada bioma se caracterizada por un clima y condiciones del suelo particulares, y formas distintivas de vida adaptadas a esas condiciones. Al incorporar la función determinante de los seres humanos en la alteración de los ecosistemas, este mapa ofrece una manera nueva de clasificar las grandes zonas de vida del planeta. Los biomas antropogénicos reflejan, pues, patrones globales significativos de la biosfera terrestre causados por las maneras en que los humanos interactúan con los ecosistemas. Fuente: E.C. Ellis y N. Ramankutty, «Putting people in the map: Anthropogenic biomes of the world«, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, núm. 6, doi:10.1890/070062, 2008.
Cette carte montre l’Amérique du Nord divisée en « biomes anthropiques », également appelés « anthromes » ou « biomes humains ». Les biomes qui correspondent aux principaux types d’écosystèmes planétaires, sont caractérisés par des conditions climatiques et des sols particuliers, et par des formes de vie distinctes adaptées à ces conditions. Cette carte, qui illustre le rôle important que jouent les êtres humains dans la modification des écosystèmes, offre un nouveau moyen de classifier les régions de la planète où il y a de la vie. Les biomes anthropogéniques indiquent la façon dont les êtres humains interagissent avec les écosystèmes. Source : Ellis, E.C. et N. Ramankutty. Putting people in the map: Anthropogenic biomes of the world, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 6, 2008, doi:10.1890/070062.
The Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) is an international organization created by Canada, Mexico, and the United States of America under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), which came into force at the same time as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The CEC was established to address regional environmental concerns, help prevent potential trade and environmental conflicts, and to promote the effective enforcement of environmental law. As of 2020, the CEC operates in accordance with the Environmental Cooperation Agreement, which entered into force at the same time as the CUSMA/T-MEC/USMCA trade agreement. This dataset is a 5 arc minute thematic grid, prepared as described in WebPanel 1 of Ellis and Ramankutty (2008). Before using these data for publication, please contact Erle Ellis (ece@umbc.edu) for the most up to date version. Please Cite: Ellis, E.C., and Ramankutty, N., 2008. Putting people in the map: anthropogenic biomes of the world. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 6, doi:10.1890/070062. http://www.ecotope.org/people/ellis/papers/ellis_2008.pdf This data set is available in several formats, including TIFF, Map package, and a PDF Map, along with other files appropriate to particular format, such as .lyrx and .qlr files.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC). 2008. “North American Environmental Atlas - Anthropogenic Biomes”. Ed. 1.0, Raster digital data [5 arc-minute]. Ellis, E.C., and N. Ramankutty. 2008. Putting people in the map: Anthropogenic biomes of the world. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 6, doi:10.1890/070062.
This dataset includes Anthropogenic Biomes data for all North America.
This material is licensed under CC BY 4.0, allowing non-exclusive rights to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, including for commercial purposes, so long as attribution is given to the creator.
This material is licensed under CC BY 4.0, allowing non-exclusive rights to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, including for commercial purposes, so long as attribution is given to the creator.
This map shows North America classified into “anthropogenic biomes,” also known as “anthromes” or “human biomes. Biomes are major global ecosystem types, characterized by particular climate and soil conditions and distinctive forms of life adapted to these conditions. Incorporating the significant role of humans in altering ecosystems, this map offers a new way of classifying the parts of the earth in which life exists. Anthropogenic biomes are major global ecosystem types that incorporate the ways in which humans interact with ecosystems. Source: Ellis, E.C., and N. Ramankutty. 2008. Putting people in the map: Anthropogenic biomes of the world. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 6, doi:10.1890/070062.
Humans have fundamentally altered global patterns of biodiversity and ecosystem processes. Surprisingly, existing systems for representing these global patterns, including biome classifications, either ignore humans altogether or simplify human influence into, at most, four categories. Here, we present the first characterization of terrestrial biomes based on global patterns of sustained, direct human interaction with ecosystems. Eighteen “anthropogenic biomes” were identified through empirical analysis of global population, land use, and land cover. More than 75% of Earth's ice-free land showed evidence of alteration as a result of human residence and land use, with less than a quarter remaining as wildlands, supporting just 11% of terrestrial net primary production. Anthropogenic biomes offer a new way forward by acknowledging human influence on global ecosystems and moving us toward models and investigations of the terrestrial biosphere that integrate human and ecological systems.
5 [arc-minute] spatial resolution
“Anthropogenic Biomes,” also known as “Anthromes” or “Human Biomes.”
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
Internal feature number.
Esri
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
The code that describes each anthropogenic biome class.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
Number of pixels by anthropogenic biome class.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
Code and nam of the antoirpogenic biome.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
Groups into which each anthropogenic biome is categorized.
Ellis & Ramankutty, 2008
None. Acknowledgment of the Commission for Environmental Cooperation and (or) Erle C. Ellis (University of Maryland - Dept. of Geography & Environmental Systems) would be appreciated in products derived from these data.
This material is licensed under CC BY 4.0, allowing non-exclusive rights to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, including for commercial purposes, so long as attribution is given to the creator.